Smart HVAC systems: How retailers are saving energy with AI

Too warm, too drafty, too dry, too cool - how we perceive the indoor climate often determines how long we stay in a room. In the case of a business with customers, the longer the better, of course.

An often overlooked but strategically important factor is air conditioning. Modern heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems are more than just thermostats: they are intelligent, data-driven systems that can deliver a competitive advantage.

The physical atmosphere of a store has a direct influence on purchasing behavior. If a room is perceived as too hot, too cold, or stuffy, this can subconsciously cause customers to shorten their visit. An optimal environment, on the other hand, can increase the length of stay and willingness to buy.

But the influence of air quality goes further: poor ventilation can lead to the accumulation of allergens, dust, and pollutants. This has a negative effect on customers and employees. A suitable HVAC system circulates fresh, clean air, contributing to a healthier environment.

A stable climate is also crucial for inventory. Products such as electronic items, cosmetics, wooden furniture, and delicate clothing are susceptible to temperature fluctuations and humidity. Efficient air conditioning therefore not only affects the people present, but also the goods.

The integration of AI into HVAC systems is revolutionizing building management. Intelligent systems use real-time data and algorithms to act proactively instead of relying on rigid schedules or manual intervention.

A key pillar is predictive maintenance. Instead of reacting to a failure or waiting according to a fixed schedule, AI continuously analyzes sensor data. This allows the system to detect anomalies early on and issue a warning long before an expensive failure occurs. This just-in-time repair strategy reduces unplanned downtime by up to 50 percent and lowers maintenance costs by 25 to 40 percent.

At the same time, machine learning models enable automated climate control that goes beyond conventional thermostats. They process data such as weather forecasts, electricity rates, and, thanks to IoT sensors, current customer traffic. Such a system can, for example, predict when a sudden cold front is approaching or a rush of customers is imminent and adjust the heating or cooling systems accordingly. The result is constant comfort with energy savings of 25 to 28 percent.

Careful preparation is required for the transition to the heating season. With the help of a simple checklist, retailers can ensure efficiency and prevent problems:

• Filter management: Check the air filters and replace them if necessary. Dirty filters restrict airflow, forcing the system to work harder and resulting in higher energy costs.
• Outdoor unit: Remove leaves and debris from the outdoor unit to ensure unobstructed air circulation.
• Burner/boiler: Have the burner checked for dust and deposits. Clean combustion is essential for efficient heating performance.
• Thermostat check: Test the functionality of the thermostat and, if necessary, use the diagnostic functions of intelligent systems.

Compliance with regulations can also provide an opportunity for modernization. For example, the EU F-Gas Regulation (EU 2024/573) requires the phasing out of refrigerants with high global warming potential (GWP). Retailers who proactively invest in modern, compliant systems not only protect themselves against future costs, but also strengthen their ESG (environmental, social, governance) profile.

Similarly, German regulations such as ASR A3.6 define strict requirements for indoor air quality. For example, the CO2 content must not exceed 1000 ppm. Modern ventilation systems that automatically comply with these limits are therefore not only an investment in the health of the people present, but also a strategic necessity.

Today, HVAC systems in retail stores are no longer static operating resources, but dynamic, intelligent ecosystems. Through the use of AI, they can become a real competitive advantage. Investing in data-driven solutions now protects against unplanned downtime and rising energy costs. A pleasant shopping atmosphere created by a healthy indoor climate can also contribute to increased sales.

Sources: Aquinas HVAC Blog, Sescom Blog, Cyril Air Blog, Lessen Blog, BrainBox AI Blog, Recogizer Self-Learning Building Solutions, Umwelt Bundesamt, FORUM VERLAG